Copyright arises the moment a literary or artistic work is created. The creator, i.e. the author, then has an exclusive right to determine who can make copies of the work and how or whether the work should be made available to the public, e.g. by publishing it on the internet or disseminating it in some other way. 

Copyright applies for as long as the author is alive and for another 70 years his or her death. When the author dies, the copyright passes to his or her survivors through inheritance or will.

If a literary or musical work which is created is sufficiently unique, independent and personal, a work is considered to have been created. It is mainly works that are protected under copyright. However, photographs that are not considered to meet the threshold of originality and other types of performances are protected and are collectively referred to as "neighbouring rights". 

No, copyright arises without any formal procedure being followed. This means that the protection is accorded to the person who created the work at the moment the work is created. Through international conventions, copyright then applies in most of the world, regardless of the media form.

When a work has been made public with the author's consent and in some cases also published, various restrictions are triggered regarding the author’s exclusive rights. These restrictions mean that a protected work may be used in various ways without the author or other right holder having given their permission. Copying protected works for private use is one such restriction.

When the period of copyright protection no longer applies, the work may be used freely by anyone who wishes to use it, but it is always a good idea to continue mentioning the author’s name when using a work. If a work which is no longer protected is used in a way that would infringe the work itself, there is a specific provision in the Swedish Copyright Act which prevents its use - known as the protection of literary and artistic classics.